Cuba

Republic of Cuba is a Latin American country in the Caribbean islands bordering the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Ocean. Cuba is the largest Caribbean country by area, occupying the largest island of the same name and several smaller islands and has the largest population among the island countries in the region – over 11 000 000 people. Cuba has a rich culture, a mix of local traditions and island influence of the Spanish colonialists, African slaves and the United States. It is the capital city of Havana. Cuba is one of five communist countries in the world and therefore plays an important role regionally and globally (particularly during the Cold War), and is one of the main providers of humanitarian aid to Third World countries.

In 1902 Cuba became an independent republic. However, adopted the so-called Platt Declaration under which the U.S. has the right to interfere in the internal affairs of Cuba “in order to preserve its stability and sovereignty.” Platt declaration was repealed only in 1934, then Cuba and regained its full de facto sovereignty.

In 1925, General Gerardo Machado Morales took power.

In 1933, Batista made Fulhensio military coup. In 1940 he won the election for president as candidate of a broad coalition and the Cuban Communist Party. President Batista and enjoyed great popularity in elections in 1944, he was reelected as president.

Then in 1948 under President Ramon Grau and Carlos priority Sokaras increased corruption and the influence of the American mafia.

In 1952, Batista made a new coup. This time, however, does not want a return to constitutional order, so that the country formed a strong opposition. President Batista was a military dictator and cruel persecutions began against all opposition in the country, killing thousands of innocent Cubans and closed all universities in Cuba, because of criticism and discontent of the students to it. At the head of one of the opposition groups is Fidel Castro.

The U.S. government imposed a complete economic blockade of the island of freedom and opposition to the Cuban funds in the United States. In 1961, the group’s experience diversionna of 1400 mercenaries armed by the United States to remove Fidel Castro from power in the Bay of pigs “ends in failure. Not true concept of the CIA through the transfer of Latin American mercenaries of Cuban territory, led by U.S. advisers, to create a US-led “resistance movement”, which subsequently require military intervention by Washington to overthrow Fidel Castro. This case is based on “Cuban Missile Crisis,” Peace at stake on the planet. U.S. President Kennedy, under the effect of imposing naval armada of the USSR to the Cuban coast, dissuasive than the risk to cause so III-World War II, renounces his intentions at a military insurrection on the island. A similar scenario was played out in Panama, where direct military intervention was eradicated popular-democratic government of this country, replaced by certain people in Washington. On May 1, 1961 Fidel Castro announces People’s democratic character of the Cuban revolution. Begins nationalization. Bring socio-oriented reforms: guaranteed right to work, free education and healthcare, preferential loans for purchasing land, paid leave for sickness, etc.. Under the leadership of Ernesto Che Guevara made the first steps towards establishing the industry in this impoverished Caribbean country. Ongoing until elections for state authorities clearly show the full approval of the reforms of the Cubans and Castro’s political system. Ernesto Guevara is a renowned national hero of Cuba.

After the division of the USSR and the termination of aid from socialist countries, Fidel Castro was forced to introduce reforms and restrictions as a coupon system, strict control of trade in consumer goods and energy resources, economic constraints. These reforms do not affect the certain social circles as the disabled, mothers with children up to 3d., Pensioners, the purchase prices of sugar cane, etc. .. Due to the economic blockade of foreign investment are impossible to Cuba.

On July 31, 2006 Fidel Kastrose withdraw from power for health reasons. Health of Fidel Castro is good for his years. Today, Castro continues to be politically active. With enormous erudition, he is a respected interlocutor and advisor to many political figures from Latin American countries.

On 24 February 2008 National Assembly of the country’s elected president, Raul Castro.

Republic of Cuba is located about 1260 kilometers long and 191 kilometers in a narrow (the widest part) island of the same name, located in west-east direction. North Florida Strait separates Cuba from the United States and east windward Strait separates it from the island of Haiti. The closest southern neighbor and an island Jamaica. The long coastline of the island of Cuba is indented by hundreds of natural bays, reefs and peninsulas. Belong to the Republic of Cuba still relatively large island of Juventud (former Pinos) and about 1600 small islands, most of them have no local people.

The landscape of Cuba is mostly flat. Mountains and hills occupy about 1 / 4 of the area in. Sierra Maestra mountain range is the main passing through the Caribbean and across the island in southeast Cuba. There rises the highest peak Turkish ladies (1974 m). Lower southern part of the island are part of Caribbean limestone slab on which are situated Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, the Florida peninsula, the U.S. and Bahamas. The longest river in Cuba is Kuyt. It runs in a direction from east to west, 20 km north of the city of Bayamo, but is navigable for small boats.

The climate of the country is hot and humid tropical-pasaten, 80% of heavy rains fall in summer (May-October).